Search results for "050502 law"
showing 10 items of 25 documents
Analysis of surrogacy motherhood as a new technology in the biomedical and legal-philosophical field: technical advance, human recoil
2019
[EN] Surrogate motherhood is a question that has appeared in recent times, with increasing incidence, at present. The economic, political and media powers have brought a strictly technical concept to the public in order to familiarize them with this technique. This strategy has been based on the natural tendency to consider that any technological advance is good in itself, so that they have not been reviewed and made available to the citizens, in a reasonable manner, none of the issues that should be dealt with this technique. Thus, it is worth making a study of the regulations and jurisprudence of the assumptions that have been taking place and considering the reality that this formulation…
Attempts for Common Understanding of the Concept of Worker as a Consequence of Globalisation?
2017
AbstractGlobalisation may concern many different issues, among others, the increase in migration that creates opportunities for all. There should be no doubt that globalisation can bring both positive and negative effects to workers. It can be seen as new opportunities for people, because they can travel, work, learn and live in different countries. Simultaneously however it can be perceived as synonymous to job losses, social injustice, or low environmental, health, and privacy standards. As a result of globalisation, the world is becoming more and more complex and the economic importance of state borders is reduced. It should therefore not raise doubts, that global problems require the ca…
Simplified restructuring proceedings in Poland as an example of anti – crisis regulation due to the COVID-19 pandemic
2020
Summary The study discusses new legislative anti – crisis solutions adopted in Poland in connection with the COVID – 19 pandemic. The Polish legislator decided to introduce the so-called simplified restructuring procedure. This happened in the face of the expectations of both the jurisprudence of law and practice. On the one hand, the simplified restructuring procedure (the fifth independent type of restructuring procedure for an entrepreneur in Poland) allows for a quick, cheap and simplified conclusion of an arrangement with creditors outside the court, then approved by the court. On the other hand, the opening of such proceedings gives the debtor protection against enforcement at the cre…
Mass data gathering and surveillance: the fight against facial recognition technology in the globalized world
2020
The growing use of facial recognition technologies has put them under the regulatory spotlight all around the world. The EU considers to regulate facial regulation technologies as a part of initiative of creating ethical and legal framework for trustworthy artificial intelligence. These technologies are attracting attention of the EU data protection authorities, e.g. in Sweden and the UK. In May, San Francisco was the first city in the US to ban police and other government agencies from using facial recognition technology, soon followed by other US cities. The paper aims to analyze the impact of facial recognition technology on the fundamental rights and values as well as the development of…
Probabilistic cross-validation estimators for Gaussian process regression
2018
Gaussian Processes (GPs) are state-of-the-art tools for regression. Inference of GP hyperparameters is typically done by maximizing the marginal log-likelihood (ML). If the data truly follows the GP model, using the ML approach is optimal and computationally efficient. Unfortunately very often this is not case and suboptimal results are obtained in terms of prediction error. Alternative procedures such as cross-validation (CV) schemes are often employed instead, but they usually incur in high computational costs. We propose a probabilistic version of CV (PCV) based on two different model pieces in order to reduce the dependence on a specific model choice. PCV presents the benefits from both…
People who run African affairs: staffing and recruitment in the African Union Commission
2020
AbstractThis study contributes to the field of International Public Administration (IPA) and the emerging area of Informal International Relations (IIR) by examining the politics of staffing and recruitment of the African Union Commission (AUC). Although the AUC has become a major political player in international affairs, there is a dearth of knowledge about the civil servants who work for the AUC and who run this paramount pan-African executive body. To address the void, this paper draws on a survey of 137 AUC staff, archival studies and interviews to explore recruitment of AUC staff. Combining organisational theory and informality as analytical lenses, the study demonstrates that, first,…
Introduction: The Criminalization of Migration and European (Dis)Integration
2016
This Special Issue of European Journal of Migration and Law is devoted to analysing some relevant facets of the conflict, which we see at the heart of the current European approach to migration, between criminalization of migrants and migrants’ rights. But it is also devoted to outlining some strategies and practices through which the conflict might be avoided, or at least overridden. The papers focus on different facets of this overarching subject by adopting a European (EU and ECHR) perspective, as well as the perspective of specific MSs. Three domestic systems, in particular, are taken into consideration—the UK, France and Italy—and compared with the relevant European standards concernin…
Wpływ Brexitu na współpracę sądową w sprawach karnych w Unii Europejskiej
2020
Wystąpienie Zjednoczonego Królestwa z Unii Europejskiej stanowi jedno z głównych wyzwań dla dalszego funkcjonowania europejskiego obszaru wymiaru sprawiedliwości w sprawach karnych. W niniejszym artykule szczególna uwaga zostanie zwrócona na wybrane aspekty zapewnienia dalszej współpracy sądowej w sprawach karnych po Brexicie. Dotyczy to przede wszystkim możliwości dalszego udziału Zjednoczonego Królestwa w specyficznych organach wspomagających obrót prawny w ramach tej współpracy (tj. w ramach Eurojustu i Europolu) oraz stosowania instrumentów prawnych urzeczywistniających zasadę wzajemnego uznawania orzeczeń, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem sztandarowego instrumentu prawnego, tj. europejski…
The content and potential of the right to social assistance in light of Article 13 of the European Social Charter
2020
This article explores the current development of the right to social assistance as well as its potential for improving income support policies. Focusing on Article 13 of the European Social Charter (ESC), it aims to shed light on the content of such provision by identifying a list of comprehensive defining standards from the monitoring activity conducted by the European Committee of Social Rights (ECSR). Secondly, it asks whether the right can effectively enhance access to social assistance in practice by studying the implementation of the right in two national cases, the UK and Spain. The article concludes that Article 13 ESC imposes clear obligations on States Parties regarding aspects o…
Internal coordination of social security in Italy
2019
This contribution deals with the internal coordination of health care, long-term social care and social assistance schemes – covered by EU regulation no. 883/2004 – in Italy after the constitutional reform enacted in 2001, which significantly decentralised legislative and administrative machinery by strengthening the prerogatives of the Regions, especially in terms of organisation and funding of the services. This article seeks to demonstrate that, although the decentralisation of health care and long-term social care has been accompanied by mechanisms of internal coordination among the Regions (particularly in the field of inter-regional mobility), regional social assistance schemes provi…